Coulomb Force (Static)

1.

a. Observe the arrows representing the Coulomb force between the charges. Do you think this represents an attractive or repulsive force?

The arrows represent repulsive force since they are not facing each other.

b. Change the charge of particle A (q_A) to -10.0 What effect does this have on the arrows? Is this an attractive or repulsive force?

This affected the arrows because now the charges are not the same which make it an attractive force.

c. Change the charge of particle B to -10.0. What kind of force is experienced by two negative charges? You can model this by rubbing two balloons and slowly bringing them together.

A repulsive force is experienced because both charges are the same.

d. Change the charge of particle A back to +10.0. As a rule, what kind of force will result when charges are opposite? What kind of force will result when the particles have the same charge?

When one force is negative and the other one is positive an attractive force is caused.

2.

Change the charge of particle A to 0.0. A particle with zero charge is neutral.

a.       What happens to the force arrows?

The force arrows are gone and it turned into neutral.

b.      What is the force between a charged particle and a neutral particle?

The difference is that there is no attraction or repulsion between them.

 3.

a. What is the Coulomb force on particle A?

10N

b. What is the force on particle B?

10N

c. Drag the particles around. Are the forces on particle A and B always equal to one another?

Yes, they are always equal.

4.

What do you think the force will be if one of the charges is halved?

The force will stay the same on both sides and it will be divided by two.

a. What is the force on the particles now? Does this agree with your hypothesis?

The force now is five, it does agree with my hypothesis since it was 10N and now it is 5N

b. Change the charge of particle B to 5.0 • 10⁻⁴ C. What is the force now?

No, it divided by two and became 2.5N

c. Try several other combinations of charges. (Stick with whole numbers so it is easier to see the relationship.) What pattern do you see?

The numbers are divided in half.

d. Based on your observations, write an equation for Coulomb force when the distance is 30 m. If possible, compare and discuss your equation with your classmates.

D=30 q_a=a, q_b= b N=a,b/2

Static electricity Examples

What is Static Electricity:

Static electricity is an electric charge that has built-up on an object.It is often created when two objects that are poor electrical conductors are rubbed together. The electrons of one object rub of onto another.


Static electricity Examples:


Picture 1:


In this picture a balloon is rubbed to a persons hair and in this case static electricity is caused which is why the child's hair went up towards the balloon and this is caused by the building of electrical charges since the hair and the balloon are poor conductors. 


















Picture 2:


This picture shows a person being shocked by a doorknob with a cause of static electricity. this is caused by the person and it is a small spark that can  jump from your finger to some metal object, giving you a slight shock. this type of shock is the most common one that people experience.














Picture 3: 

  
This picture shows lightning which is the largest spark of static electricity. A lightning bolt can be over 1.5 km or about 1 mile in length. The amount of voltage released in a lightning bolt is typically about 100,000,000 volts, which makes us see it.

Uses and Examples of Static Electricity

Static electricity:(Brainpop)



Receiving an electric shock from a doorknob is an example of static electricity. Static electricity is a cause of an imbalance of positive and negative charges. It is built up when electrons are pulled from one surface to another. Adhesion is the force that causes electrons to move between surfaces. An atom has neutral charges when it has an equal number of protons and electrons. Rubber is a type of insulator, while gold is a conductor. Electrons have a negative charge, and protons have a positive charge. Static electricity is best described as a one-time shock of electricity, like the electricity from a lightning bolt.

Uses of static electricity:

                

              When you take off your wool hat, it rubs against your hair. Electrons travel from your hair to the hat. A static charge constructs. Things with the same charge repel each other. So the hairs try to get as far from each other as possible. The farthest they can get is by standing on end. This is how static electricity causes a bad hair day!

                Static electricity is an electric charge that has built up on an object. It is often created when two objects that are poor electrical conductors are rubbed together. The electrons of one object rub of onto another object.

                We need static electricity to use electrical static precipitators to remove all the dust that comes out of a power station furnaces-instead of it all belching out into the air.

                Some problems that are caused by static electricity are, Air rushing past a car will drag negative charges off the car body and leave it with an overall positive charge. This sounds pretty harmless until you go out and touch the car. That’s when all the static charge suddenly flows through the end of your finger.

Examples of uses of static electricity:

Static Charges give a great paint job, the car body is given a negative charge – the paint is given a positive charge. Now because like charges repel, the positively charged paint droplets all repel each other and so they spread out really well. And because opposite attract – the paint droplets are attracted to the body.

        Some insulating materials become electrically charged when they are rubbed    together. Charges that are the same repel, while unlike charges magnetize.              Electrostatic precipitators, photocopiers and laser printers make useful use of              electrostatic charges.

The Van de Graaff Generator:

        Van de Graaff generator is a device designed to create static electricity and make it available for experimentation. The American physicist Robert Jemison Van de Graaff invented the Van de Graaff generator in 1931. The device that stands his name is able to produce extremely high voltages -- as high as 20 million volts.

 "Physics4Kids.com: Electricity & Magnetism: Introduction." Rader's PHYSICS 4 KIDS.COM. Web. 23 May 2010. .

Body Building! Muscles

Questions:

1. Do Muscles pull or push?
Muscles only pull.

2. What happens when one muscle of the pair contracts (shortens)?
When one muscle of the pair contracts the other one relaxes.

3. In what ways is the model accurate?
It shows how muscles are located in your body specifically and it also shows how muscles contract and relax.

4. In what ways is the model inaccurate?
It is inaccurate because in real life muscles contract but the rubberband only gets shorter.

Circulatory System Quiz Questions (Brainpop)

1) The heart is responsible for pumping blood to the body.
2) The heart is a type of muscle.
3) The heart, blood vessels, and blood make up the ciculatory system.
4)Blood brings oxygen and nutrients to your blood cells.
5) Blood becomes oxygenated in the lungs.
6) Coronary, pulmonary, and systemetic are the three types of blood circulation in the body.
7) Coronary circulation is the circulation of blood within your heart.
8) Arteries and veins are required for systemic circulation.
9) Superior vena cava is a blood vessel.
10) Arteries are blood vessels that move blood away from the heart.

Brain pop Movies

How lungs work:

When you breathe in your diaphragm contracts and your ribcage expands. To enter your lungs air needs to go through the trachea. A Human has only two lungs. Bronchial tubes are passage ways inside your lungs. The diaphragm is the muscle that allows you to breathe in and out. Oxygen cannot be stored in your body. When a human breathes out their body gets rid of carbon dioxide. Capillaries are tiny blood vessels. Alevoli are small sacs in your lung which store air. Emphysema can be caused by smoking.

Asthma:


Asthma is a common condition for the lungs. An asthma attack is similar to a heart attack since they both usually involve the constricting of an interval vessel. The direct cause for an asthma attack is swelling and excess mucous in the airways. Inhalers can help people with asthma subdue their attacks. Living close to a smokestack would be dangerous for people with asthma. Intense anger and stress can cause an asthma attack. Asthmatics should always carry their inhalers with them.


Smoking:


The main ingredient of a cigarette is tobacco. The addictive chemical inside a cigarette is nicotine. Your lungs take in oxygen and take out carbon dioxide. Smokers who try to play sports develop shortness of breathing and cramps. A smokers lung is usually black. Tar is a carcinogen that covers a smokers lung. Smoking causes straight away symptoms of coughing and bad breath. Cancer, emphysema, and heart attacks are the long term illnesses that are associated with smoking. It is difficult to quit smoking because of nicotine. Smoking can cause a deadly disease which is lung cancer.

Respiratory System Worksheet

2. Pharynx - Larynx - Trachea - Bronchi - Bronchioles - Alveoli.

3. Esophagus.

4. The hairs in your nasal cavity that push the dirt into the nose. These hairs are called "Cilia".

5.
a) Bronchioles (c)
b) Palate (d)
c) Trachea (b)
d) Alveoli (a)
e) Epiglottis (i)
f) Pharynx (g)
g) Expiration (h)
h) Diahragm (f)
i) Pleura (e)
j) Tidal Volume (j)

6.
B. The muscles between the ribs contract to move the ribs cranially and laterally
D. The diaphragm contracts and flattens
E. The lungs expand to fill up the space created
A. The air pressure in the air tight pleural cavities decreases
C. Air is drawn down the trachea into the lungs

7.
a) True
b) False
c) True
d) True
e) True
f) False
g) True

My MYP Grade

Dear Parents of Hessa Al-Kubaisi


Hessa's MYP grade is 6 for this term. She should improve it to a 7 especially in the One World Criteria because its the only one that is bringing her grade down. Also, her Lab Reports because they are not very perfect and she want to get 6's on both of the criteria. Other than these two weak points her Criteria F is excellent since she gets a 6 out of 6 in it.

Healthy Vs. Unhealthy!!!

What to look at to decide if the food is (Healthy) or (Unhealthy)?

To decide if a food is healthy or unhealthy you have to look at the number of calories, fat content, salt content, and fiber. for a healthy food fruits and vegetables are the right thing to look for since they have a low number of calories and they are high in fiber, and a no salt content, and low fat content, but to replace this they are extremely high in vitamins which are essential for a healthy diet. Examples of a healthy diet are the diet has to be balanced like the food pyramid and healthy oils which are extracted from fruits like olive oil and seeds, also lean meat which are chicken and fish. An Unhealthy food would be extremely high in saturated fats, sugar, and salt and sometimes artificial flavors or coloring. Examples of an unhealthy food would be: processed foods, deep fried foods and any with fat or skin on it. A good diet has a healthy balance of all types of food in it but correct proportions.

The Mouth

The Mouth

Even before you eat, when you smell a food or taste it or even think of it the saliva begins to form in your mouth. when you eat the saliva breaks down a little bit of the chemicals of the food and make it easier to go through the esophagus. Also, your tongue helps by pushing the food around while you are chewing with your teeth. Also, an enzyme called (Amylase) to digest (Carbohydrates).When the food is ready to be swallowed your tongue pushes a small piece of chewed food which is usually called bolus towards the back of your throat and into the opening opening of the esophagus where the second part of the digestive system process takes place.

Parts of the Digestive System

The Digestive System

Mouth:-
1. Mechanical digestion
· Making food into small pieces – easier digest
2. Saliva
· Chemical digestion - Carbohydrates – sugar
Amylase - (bread, rice)
· Slimes food - slide down the esophagus

Esophagus:-
1. Slides food down to stomach

Stomach:-
1. Mechanical digestion churning food
2. Stores food
3. Chemically digest protein (meat)
· Makes Acid to help break apart protein (meat)
·Makes an Enzyme called pepsin which helps digest protein.

Small Intestine:-
· Fats – bile from liver / enzyme – lipase
Proteins – finished being digested – pepsin
Carbohydrates – finish being digested - enzyme amylase
(Digested food – protein, carbohydrates fats go into your blood.)

Pancreas:-
1. Makes all of your digestive enzymes that go into the small intestine.
2. Makes insulin – which makes your cells suck up the sugar in your blood.

Liver:-
1. Makes bile which goes to the small intestine – help digest fat.
2. Cleans your blood from poisons.

Large Intestine: - (Colon)
1. Keeps undigested food (waste).
2. takes up all your water.

Newton's Three Laws Of Motion

Newton's Three Laws Of Motion:


1. An object in motion will stay in motion unless a force is acted on it.

e.g. If a spaceship was in motion in space, and since there is no gravity there is nothing to stop it unless another force is acted on it.



2. Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. The greater the mass, the greater amount of force is needed.

e.g. if a car that weighs 1,000 kg is out of gas and it is pushed 0.05 m/s/s then the amount of force that is needed is = 1000 x 0.05 which equals 50 newtons.



3. whenever an object pushes another object it gets pushed back in the opposite direction equally hard.

e.g. If a rocket's action is to push down on the ground with the force of its powerful engines and the reaction is that the ground pushes the rocket upwards with an equal force.

Tools and Equipment, Part I Activity – Inclined Plane Worksheet

Tools and Equipment, Part I Activity – Inclined Plane Worksheet

Results

1. Did you obtain different mechanical advantages for the different methods of measuring? If so, was the difference large?

Yes, the difference was not very large it was about one to three.

2. Which inclined plane had the greatest mechanical advantage?

The last inclined plane because it had a mechanical advantage of 4.45.

Conclusions

1. Does calculating mechanical advantage just with the dimensions of the inclined plane really work? That is, does the calculation describe what really happens? Write a short paragraph explaining your answer.

Calculating mechanical advantage just with the dimensions of the inclined plane does not really work because in the first two the lengths were the same but very different heights with the same mechanical advantage.

2. If you are the engineer designing a ramp for a construction site to move a wheelbarrow a height of 100 feet, which inclined plane would you use? Why?

I would use the last one because it has the closest height to 100 feet since 1 feet is equal to 3.48m and 44 is closest to and it has the lowest mechanical advantage.

3. What are some possible sources of error in this experiment?

Some of the errors might be human errors by recording and measuring the data and force meters are not very accurate.

Building a pyramid p. 82

Building a pyramid p. 82

1. a. wedges were used to split the blocks. b. to move the blocks flat bottomed boats were used to transport the blocks. c. to put the blocks into place the slaves had to build ramps.

2. a. Friction was reduced when the blocs were moved by using ramps and rollers to move the blocks so it won't be touching a rough surface. b. the invention is the pulley system it would have been easier because it would lift the block and it won't be touching the ground.

3.

4. They are used in many things like axes and lifters and scissors, also they are used in scissors since the two wedges are connected by a lever to move them.

5. The last block which was weighing 250 000N needed the most force and power to be lifted since the workers had to go up to 140m with a block weighing 250 000N.

Pulleys, gears, and other wheels p.81

Pulleys, gears, and other wheels p.81

1) To make a pulley system you need a pulley, a wheel, and a rope.

2) He can lift the engine up by pulling down on the rope, and it is easier because he can also lift it by using a far smaller force.

3) a. when the pedal is pushed the chain passes on the force to the back wheels turning them.

b. the gears change the number of times that a turn of the crankshaft turns the back wheel.

4. The difference between cycling in high gear and low gear is that when you are driving on a flat road you put the bike on high gear and when you are climbing a hill you are driving on low gear because more force needed.

Work and Machines p.80

Work and Machines p.80

1. a) doing work is meant by using a force to move an object.
b) A machine is anything which makes it easier to do work.

2. a) Yes, because you are pushing a mower and you are using a force to move the mower.
b) Yes, because you are using a force to push the brush.
c) Yes, because you are using your leg forces to move the pedals to move the bicycle.
d) Yes because you are using a force to move your eyes through the page.

3. You must eat to keep working because you need to have energy joules to push the force.

4. Spanners, pliers, and can openers are called machines because they make it easier to do work with.

5. Pulley, lever, wedge, wheel and axle, inclined planes, and screws.

What is a machine in relation to work and force.

What is a Machine?

A machine is any device that is used to decrease the amount of force needed to perform a job. There are several types of machines, there are simple ones like the ones we use everyday for example knives are wedges and scissors are both levers and wedges. Also, there are compound machines which are a mixture of simple machines. Machines are mainly used to lessen the force of doing something for humans which means making it easier.

Force

Force

1. Explain what a force is?

A force is a push or a pull of something.

2. Name 4 examples of forces and explain?

A) Friction- when two things are rubbed together.

B) Gravity-the attraction between two objects.

C) Magnetic-the attraction or repulsion between two magnetic metals.

D) Elastic Force - acts to return a spring to its actual length.

3) Units of force?

Force is measured by newtons.

4) Equation of force?

Force = mass x acceleration

Erin Brockovich.

In this One World I learned that although you are not a professional at something which in this movie is scientist or lawyer you still can help solve the case by carrying out simple experiments like Erin Brockovich when she experimented the water pollution at Hinkley, or when she took on the lawsuit and eventually she one the case while the professional lawyers from PG&E did not achieve the lawsuit. Also, I learned that chromium six or hexavalent chromium can be used as a galvanizing method since it prevents the rusting of pipes.

Moments Worksheet

Moments

Moment of a force = force x distance from pivot to force

1. a) A(0.4) = 2N (.3m)

A(0.4) = .6nm

A= .6nm/0.4m = 1.5N

b) A (0.20) = 0.25(4N)

= 1/0.20

A= 5

2. a) A (0.25) = 0.15(4N) + 0.40(1N)

= C(0.25) = 0.6N + 0.4N

= 1N/0.25

A= 4

b) D (0.3) = 0.40(5N) + 0.20(1N)

= D(0.3) = 2+0.2 = 2.2N/0.3

A= 7.3

3. A (0.25) = 0.20(5N)

A(0.25)/0.25 = 1/0.25

A= 4